Actualización en la tamización del cáncer colorrectal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35509/01239015.931Palabras clave:
neoplasias colorrectales, tamizaje masivo, prevención secundaria, colonoscopiaResumen
El cáncer colorrectal ocupa el tercer lugar en frecuencia y mortalidad en Colombia y representa un problema en salud pública. El riesgo promedio de desarrollar cáncer colorrectal es de aproximadamente 4,5 %, con una ligera mayor proporción en los hombres y con más frecuencia en mayores de 50 años de edad. Existen factores de riesgo relacionados con el estilo de vida, la alimentación, la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, así como factores hereditarios y genéticos. Para los médicos es importante entender cómo se evalúa el riesgo individual de cada paciente de acuerdo con la edad, la historia clínica y los antecedentes familiares. Así, se hace posible clasificar el riesgo de desarrollar cáncer colorrectal en comparación con el riesgo promedio de la población general, para emitir la mejor estrategia de tamización, la cual ha demostrado impactar en la disminución de la incidencia y mortalidad del cáncer colorrectal.
Biografía del autor/a
Alfonso Márquez-Ustáriz, Fellow, Posgrado Médico-Quirúrgico de Cirugía Oncológica, Convenio Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
1. Fellow, Posgrado Médico-Quirúrgico de Cirugía Oncológica, Convenio Universidad Militar Nueva Granada-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
Silvia Guerrero-Macías, Fellow, Posgrado Médico-Quirúrgico de Cirugía Oncológica, Convenio Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
1. Fellow, Posgrado Médico-Quirúrgico de Cirugía Oncológica, Convenio Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
Rodrigo Burgos-Sánchez, Fellow, Posgrado Médico-Quirúrgico de Cirugía Oncológica, Convenio Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
1. Fellow, Posgrado Médico-Quirúrgico de Cirugía Oncológica, Convenio Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
Jorge Campillo-Pardo, Fellow, Posgrado Médico-Quirúrgico de Cirugía Oncológica, Convenio Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
1. Fellow, Posgrado Médico-Quirúrgico de Cirugía Oncológica, Convenio Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
Ada Bustos-Guerrero, Residente, Cirugía General, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
2. Residente, Cirugía General, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Mauricio García Mora, Unidad Funcional Seno y Tejidos Blandos, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
3. Unidad Funcional Seno y Tejidos Blandos, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
Juliana Rendón-Hernández, Unidad Funcional Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
4. Unidad Funcional Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
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