Evaluación de la respuesta inmune hacia el virus del papiloma humano tipos 16, 18, 31, 45 y 58 en un grupo de mujeres colombianas que recibieron la vacuna tetravalente

Autores/as

  • Alba Cómbita Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)
  • Diego Duarte Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)
  • Josefa Rodríguez Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)
  • Mónica Molano Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)
  • Lina Martínez Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)
  • Pilar Romero Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)
  • Lina Trujillo Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
  • Mauricio González Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
  • Joaquín Luna Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
  • Natascha Ortiz Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
  • Gustavo Hernández Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
  • Pierre Coursaget Université François-Rabelais
  • Antoine Touzé Université François-Rabelais

Palabras clave:

Vacunas contra Papillomavirus, Inmunidad, Seroprevalencia

Resumen

Objetivo: Analizar si la respuesta inmune hacia las cápsides del VPH tipos 16, 18, 31, 45 y 58 en mujeres que recibieron la vacuna tetravalente induce reactividad cruzada hacia otros tipos virales.
Métodos: Ochenta y ocho mujeres entre 18 y 27 años, asistentes al Grupo VPH del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, recibieron la vacuna de VPH. Visitas de seguimiento en los meses 7, 12 y 24. Se tomaron muestras para prueba de Papanicolaou, tipificación de VPH y detección de anticuerpos. Los anticuerpos se detectaron por ELISA, usando VLP-VPH. La detección del ADN-VPH se realizó por Reverse Line Blot.
Resultados: Prevacunación, la seroprevalencia de VPH tipos 16, 18, 31, 45 y 58 fue de 39, 31 , 7 , 15 , 9 , 31 , 7 y 23,2%, respectivamente. Al mes 7 aumentó cerca del 100% para todos los tipos. Al mes 24 esta respuesta se mantuvo para VPH tipos 16 y 18. Para VPH tipos 31, 45 y 58 disminuyó por debajo del 50%. La prevalencia de ADN-VPH tipos 16, 18 y 58 tuvo poca variación antes y un mes después de la vacunación. Al mes 24, no se observaron nuevas infecciones. Para VPH tipos 16 y 18, no se observaron diferencias antes ni al mes 24. En otros tipos de HR-VPH aumentó la prevalencia al mes 24 (15,5%), comparada con la prevacunación (9,8%).
Conclusión: Se observó un aumento de la respuesta inmune a todos los tipos de VPH después de la vacunación, pero esta se mantuvo solamente para los VPH tipos 16 y 18. Los resultados sugieren una posible reactividad cruzada contra VPH tipos 31, 45 y 58. Sin embargo, esta reactividad cruzada disminuye con el tiempo.

Biografía del autor/a

Alba Cómbita, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)

Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC), Bogotá, D. C., Colombia
Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Diego Duarte, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)

Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC), Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Josefa Rodríguez, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)

Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC), Bogotá, D. C., Colombia
Unidad de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Mónica Molano, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)

Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC), Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Lina Martínez, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)

Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC), Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Pilar Romero, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC)

Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC), Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Lina Trujillo, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

Grupo de Ginecología, INC, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Mauricio González, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

Grupo de Ginecología, INC, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Joaquín Luna, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

Grupo de Ginecología, INC, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Natascha Ortiz, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

Grupo de Investigaciones clínicas, INC, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Gustavo Hernández, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

Grupo de Investigación en Epidemiología, INC, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Pierre Coursaget, Université François-Rabelais

Université François-Rabelais, UMR INRA 1282, Tours, France

Antoine Touzé, Université François-Rabelais

Université François-Rabelais, UMR INRA 1282, Tours, France

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Cómo citar

[1]
Cómbita, A. et al. 2013. Evaluación de la respuesta inmune hacia el virus del papiloma humano tipos 16, 18, 31, 45 y 58 en un grupo de mujeres colombianas que recibieron la vacuna tetravalente. Revista Colombiana de Cancerología. 17, 3 (sep. 2013), 103–110.

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01-09-2013

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