Perfiles de función y discapacidad en pacientes adultos con cáncer atendidos en consulta externa de rehabilitación

Autores/as

  • Anamaria Hernandez Rivera Medico especialista
  • Miguel Moreno Médico fisiatra, especialista en Rehabilitación Oncológica. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
  • Angela Suarez Moya Médico Fisiatra, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Especialista en Rehabilitación Oncológica, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Instituto Nacional de Canerología, Ascoreon SAS

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35509/01239015.751

Palabras clave:

Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, la discapacidad y la salud (CIF), cáncer, rehabilitación, evaluación de necesidades

Resumen

Resumen

Objetivo; describir los perfiles funcionales de los pacientes mayores de 18 años atendidos en la consulta externa de rehabilitación oncológica.

Método; Estudio observacional retrospectivo de corte transversal. Selección de historias clínicas con muestreo aleatorio estratificado según grupos diagnósticos. Construcción de perfiles mediante análisis de correspondencia múltiple

Resultados; Se seleccionaron 260 historias clínicas de las 1907 disponibles. Los grupos diagnósticos con mayor participación fueron cáncer de mama, cabeza y cuello y genitourinario, la mayoría de los pacientes se encontraban con enfermedad avanzada por compromiso metastásico o progresión ganglionar. El nivel funcional predominante fue la independencia y dependencia leve, con índices de Karnofsky entre 80 y 90. El grupo con enfermedad metastásica se comportó de forma heterogénea en cuanto a sus niveles de independencia y compromiso funcional. En la construcción de los perfiles funcionales las variables con mayor inercia estadística fueron el grupo diagnóstico, estadio de la enfermedad, alteraciones estructurales, restricciones en actividades y participación y alteraciones funcionales. No se pudieron construir perfiles funcionales para los pacientes en fase diagnóstica y sobrevivientes, por no contar con una muestra representativa.

Conclusión; La construcción de los perfiles funcionales en los pacientes con cáncer es una tarea necesaria para establecer estrategias de evaluación y seguimiento de rehabilitación, además de orientar la evaluación de desenlaces del tratamiento oncológico. Esta tarea debe realizarse para cada uno de los grupos diagnósticos de forma independiente. Es necesario profundizar en patologías con alto costo funcional como el mieloma múltiple y los tumores del sistema nervioso.

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Cómo citar

[1]
Hernandez Rivera, A. et al. 2022. Perfiles de función y discapacidad en pacientes adultos con cáncer atendidos en consulta externa de rehabilitación. Revista Colombiana de Cancerología. 26, 2 (jun. 2022), 176–191. DOI:https://doi.org/10.35509/01239015.751.

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Publicado

30-06-2022

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