Relación entre la integridad del CagPAI y los polimorfismos en el gen CagA con la severidad de la gastritis en pacientes infectados con H. pylori CagA positivo
Palabras clave:
Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, factores de virulencia, polimorfismo genéticoResumen
Objetivos: Evaluar la histopatología gástrica en pacientes colombianos con gastritis infectados con Helicobacter pylori CagA-positivo y su asociación a la integridad del islote de patogenicidad Cag (CagPAI) y el número de motivos EPIYA-C presentes en la proteína CagA.
Métodos: Se incluyó a 31 individuos con diagnóstico de gastritis. A partir de biopsias gástricas se aisló H. pylori CagA-positivo y se caracterizó, mediante secuencia, la composición de motivos EPIYA. La histopatología fue evaluada según el sistema Sidney actualizado. Los genes CagA, CagT, CagE y Cag10 fueron genotipificados mediante PCR y electroforesis en agarosa.
Resultados: En total, 24 aislamientos (el 77% de los casos) portaban CagPAI íntegro. De los aislamientos negativos para uno o más genes del CagPAI, 7 de ellos (22%) fueron considerados como portadores de un CagPAI defectuoso. No se observaron diferencias significativas en los promedios de densidad de H. pylori, el grado de inflamación crónica ni la presencia de atrofia glandular o de metaplasia intestinal entre aislamientos con el CagPAI íntegro, en comparación con aislamientos con el CagPAI defectuoso. Tampoco se observaron diferencias significativas en los parámetros histopatológicos entre los aislamientos con un motivo EPIYA-C o más de un motivo EPIYA-C, ni en antro ni en cuerpo, excepto para la infiltración por neutrófilos, que fue significativamente mayor en cuerpo en aislamientos con más de un motivo EPIYA-C (p=0,018).
Conclusiones: No se halló asociación entre la diversidad en los factores de virulencia CagPAI y CagA de aislamientos colombianos, y los hallazgos histopatológicos en la gastritis, otros factores del hospedero o ambientales podrían afectar las características histopatológicas de la gastritis.
Biografía del autor/a
María M. Bravo, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
Grupo de Investigación en Cáncer y Agentes Infecciosos, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia
Teresa Martínez, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
Grupo Investigación Epidemiológica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia
Juan C. Bravo, Fundación Valle del Lili
Departamento de Patología, Fundación Valle del Lili, Santiago de Cali, Valle, Colombia
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