Vías de carcinogénesis colorrectal y sus implicaciones clínicas

Autores/as

  • María C. Sanabria Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
  • Adriana Umaña Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Martha L. Serrano Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Myriam Sánchez Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Jorge Mesa Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
  • Gustavo A. Hernández Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

Palabras clave:

Focos de criptas aberrantes, neoplasias colorrectales, pólipos del colon, inestabilidad cromosómica, inestabilidad de microsatélites

Resumen

El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es la cuarta causa de mortalidad por cáncer en Colombia y en el mundo, en ambos sexos; por esta razón, es considerado un problema de salud pública. El CCR es altamente heterogéneo en su fenotipo y genotipo, lo que está en relación con las diferentes vías de carcinogénesis descritas que implican diferentes mecanismos de progresión y agresividad de la enfermedad. Las vías clásicas, supresora y mutadora, se caracterizan por una serie de alteraciones genéticas relacionadas con los cambios fenotípicos de la progresión morfológica en la secuencia adenoma-carcinoma. Las vías alternas, originadas por mutaciones en los genes, BRAF y KRAS, se relacionan con la progresión de pólipo aserrado a carcinoma. Conocer estas vías es muy importante para comprender la enfermedad de manera integral y profundizar en el estudio de sus mecanismos de control, que incluyen: diagnóstico temprano, tratamiento y seguimiento.

Biografía del autor/a

María C. Sanabria, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia
Grupo de Investigación en Hormonas, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Adriana Umaña, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Grupo de Investigación en Hormonas, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Martha L. Serrano, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Grupo de Investigación en Hormonas, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Myriam Sánchez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Grupo de Investigación en Hormonas, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Jorge Mesa, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Gustavo A. Hernández, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

Grupo de Investigación Epidemiológica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

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Cómo citar

[1]
Sanabria, M.C. et al. 2020. Vías de carcinogénesis colorrectal y sus implicaciones clínicas. Revista Colombiana de Cancerología. 16, 3 (sep. 2020), 170–181.

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