Adaptación transcultural del instrumento Cancer Loneliness Scale en pacientes colombianos con cáncer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35509/01239015.1148Palabras clave:
soledad, encuestas y cuestionarios, neoplasias, traducción, evaluación del impacto en la salud, reproducibilidad de los resultadosResumen
Objetivo: desarrollar la traducción y adaptación transcultural del instrumento Cancer Loneliness Scale para su uso en pacientes con cáncer en Colombia.
Métodos: con autorización de los autores originales, se realizó el proceso de traducción y adaptación transcultural, siguiendo el procedimiento del Grupo de Calidad de Vida de la EORTC, con el fin de garantizar equivalencia semántica, conceptual y cultural con la versión original en inglés. El proceso incluyó traducción directa independiente por dos traductores, reconciliación, traducción inversa y prueba piloto de validación lingüística con 20 pacientes oncológicos colombianos atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología.
Resultados: las instrucciones y opciones de respuesta mostraron concordancia entre traductores, sin necesidad de ajustes. En la traducción directa de los ítems se identificó una discrepancia en el adverbio “how often”, resuelta por consenso a favor de “qué tan a menudo”, por su mayor precisión semántica en el español colombiano. Los ajustes en los ítems CL3 y CL5 no modificaron el significado original. En la prueba piloto, la mayoría de los participantes consideró los enunciados claros y comprensibles, sin dificultades significativas ni términos ofensivos, por lo que se conservó la versión reconciliada como versión final.
Conclusiones: se obtuvo una versión en español colombiano del instrumento Cancer Loneliness Scale con equivalencia semántica, conceptual y cultural respecto al original que constituye la base para la evaluación de sus propiedades psicométricas en pacientes colombianos con cáncer, fase ya desarrollada y reportada por el mismo equipo en el marco del proyecto del cual se deriva este trabajo.
Biografía del autor/a
Ana Milena Parra-Alfonso, Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
1. Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
Ricardo Sánchez-Pedraza, Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
1. Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
2. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
Referencias bibliográficas
Cacioppo S, Grippo A, London S, Goossens L, Cacioppo J. Loneliness: clinical import and interventions. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2015;10(2):238-49. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691615570616
Zhong B-L, Chen S-L, Tu X, Conwell Y. Loneliness and cognitive function in older adults: Findings from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2017;72(1):120-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw037
Erzen E, Çikrikci Ö. The effect of loneliness on depression: a meta-analysis. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2018;64(5):427-35. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764018776349
Penninkilampi R, Casey A-N, Singh M, Brodaty H. The association between social engagement, loneliness, and risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;66(4):1619-33. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-180439
Da Rocha B, Rhodes S, Vasilopoulou E, Hutton P. Loneliness in psychosis: a meta-analytical review. Schizophr Bull. 2018;44(1):114-25. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbx036
Beutel M, Klein E, Brähler E, Reiner I, Jünger C, Michal M, et al. Loneliness in the general population: prevalence, determinants and relations to mental health. BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17(1):97. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1262-x
Christiansen J, Qualter P, Friis K, Pedersen S, Lund R, Andersen C, et al. Associations of loneliness and social isolation with physical and mental health among adolescents and young adults. Perspect Public Health. 2021;141(4):226-36. https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139211016077
Stickley A, Koyanagi A. Loneliness, common mental disorders and suicidal behavior: Findings from a general population survey. J Affect Disord. 2016;197:81-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.02.054
Boss L, Kang D-H, Branson S. Loneliness and cognitive function in the older adult: a systematic review. Int Psychogeriatr. 2015;27(4):541-53. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610214002749
Valtorta N, Kanaan M, Gilbody S, Ronzi S, Hanratty B. Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal observational studies. Heart. 2016;102(13):1009-16. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308790
Freak-Poli R, Ryan J, Neumann J, Tonkin A, Reid C, Woods R, et al. Social isolation, social support and loneliness as predictors of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality. BMC Geriatr. 2021;21(1):711. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02602-2
Hawkley L, Thisted R, Masi C, Cacioppo J. Loneliness predicts increased blood pressure: five-year cross- lagged analyses in middle-aged and older adults. Psychol Aging. 2010;25(1):132-41. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017805
Adam E, Hawkley L, Kudielka B, Cacioppo J. Day-to-day dynamics of experience-cortisol associations in a population-based sample of older adults. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103(45):17058-63. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0605053103
Pressman S, Cohen S, Miller G, Barkin A, Rabin B, Treanor J. Loneliness, social network size, and immune response to influenza vaccination in college freshmen. Health Psychol. 2005;24(3):297-306. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.24.3.297
Yárnoz S. Adaptación al castellano de la Escala para la Evaluación de la Soledad Social y Emocional en adultos SESLA-S. Intern Jour Psych Psychol Ther. 2008;8(1):103-16. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/560/56080109.pdf
Cheng S, Yi J, Pace K, Santiago A, Johnny C, Nunez J-J, et al. Impact of loneliness on cancer mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Oncol. 2025;4(1):e000840. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjonc-2025-000840
Wang C, Qiu X, Yang X, Mao J, Li Q. Factors influencing social isolation among cancer patients: a systematic review. Healthcare. 2024;12(10):1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12101042
Mckeown L, Dempster M, Groarke J, Graham-Wisener L. A narrative review of cancer-related loneliness in those living with and beyond cancer, and their close persons. Postgrad Med J. 2026;102(1205):206-13. https://doi.org/10.1093/postmj/qgaf182
Zarei B, Kazemi A, Bahrami M, Beigi-Harchegani H. Social relationship challenges perceived by cancer patients and survivors: a qualitative meta-synthesis. BMC Psychol. 2025;13(1):1195. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03294-8
Pilleron S, Sun V, Ayala A, Haase K, Kinkade E, Kenis C, et al. Loneliness in older adults living with cancer: A scoping review of the quantitative and qualitative evidence on behalf of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology Nursing and Allied Health Interest Group. J Geriatr Oncol. 2023;14(5):101519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgo.2023.101519
Torres-Blasco N, Costas-Muñiz R, Zamore C, Porter L, Claros M, Bernal G, et al. Family as a bridge to improve meaning in Latinx individuals coping with cancer. Palliat Med Rep. 2022;3(1):186-93. https://doi.org/10.1089/pmr.2022.0035
King J, Badger T, Segrin C, Thomson C. Loneliness, spirituality, and health-related quality of life in Hispanic English-speaking cancer caregivers: a qualitative approach. J Relig Health. 2024;63(2):1433-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-023-01880-x
Carreño-Moreno S, Arias-Rojas M, Rojas-Reyes J. Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the MOS social support survey among caregivers of patients with advanced illness receiving palliative care. Front Psychol. 2025;16:1715994. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1715994
Bray F, Laversanne M, Weiderpass E, Soerjomataram I. The ever-increasing importance of cancer as a leading cause of premature death worldwide. Cancer. 2021;127(16):3029-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.33587
Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel R, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209-49. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660
GBD 2019 Cancer Risk Factors Collaborators. The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2022;400(10352):563-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01438-6
Gitonga I, Desmond D, Duda N, Maguire R. Impact of connected health interventions on psychological wellbeing and quality of life in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychooncology. 2022;31(10):1621-36. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.6019
Rentscher K, Zhou X, Small B, Cohen H, Dilawari A, Patel S, et al. Loneliness and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in older breast cancer survivors and noncancer controls. Cancer. 2021;127(19):3671-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.33687
Deckx L, van den Akker M, Buntinx F. Risk factors for loneliness in patients with cancer: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2014;18(5):466-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2014.05.002
Jaremka L, Andridge R, Fagundes C, Alfano C, Povoski S, Lipari A, et al. Pain, depression, and fatigue: loneliness as a longitudinal risk factor. Health Psychol. 2014;33(9):948-57. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034012
Gerst-Emerson K, Jayawardhana J. Loneliness as a public health issue: the impact of loneliness on health care utilization among older adults. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(5):1013-9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302427
Okten C, Ozer Z. Cancer patients and loneliness: a systematic review. Nurs Pract Today. 2016;3(4):128-39. Disponible en: https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/204
Rokach A. Correlates of loneliness as perceived by the terminally ill. Curr Psychol. 2000;19(3):237-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-000-1018-4
Marroquín B, Czamanski-Cohen J, Weihs K, Stanton A. Implicit loneliness, emotion regulation, and depressive symptoms in breast cancer survivors. J Behav Med. 2016;39(5):832-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-016-9751-9
Gallagher S, Bennett K, Roper L. Loneliness and depression in patients with cancer during COVID-19. J Psychosoc Oncol. 2021;39(3):445-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2020.1853653
Secinti E, Rand K, Johns S, O'Neil B, Helft P, Shahda S, et al. Social correlates of mental health in gastrointestinal cancer patients and their family caregivers: exploring the role of loneliness. Support Care Cancer. 2019;27(6):2077-86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4467-8
Mosher C, Lepore S, Wu L, Austin J, Valdimarsdottir H, Rowley S, et al. Social correlates of distress following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: exploring the role of loneliness and cognitive processing. J Health Psychol. 2012;17(7):1022-32. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105311432490
Ernst M, Brähler E, Wild P, Faber J, Merzenich H, Beutel M. Loneliness predicts suicidal ideation and anxiety symptoms in long-term childhood cancer survivors. Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2021;21(1):100201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.10.001
Russell D. UCLA loneliness scale (version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure. J Pers Assess. 1996;66(1):20-40. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2
Tomás J, Pinazo-Hernandis S, Donio-Bellegarde M, Hontangas P. Validity of the de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale in Spanish older population: competitive structural models and item response theory. Eur J Ageing. 2017;14(4):429-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-017-0417-4
DiTommaso E, Spinner B. The development and initial validation of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA). Pers Individ Dif. 1993;14:127-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869%2893%2990182-3
Schmidt N, Sermat V. Measuring loneliness in different relationships. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1983;44(5):1038-47. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.44.5.1038
Gordy A, Luo H, Sidline M, Brownlee K. The missing measure of loneliness: a case for including neededness in loneliness scales. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(1):429. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010429
López D, Del Río F, Ruiz A. Análisis psicométrico de la Escala de Soledad de UCLA (versión 3) en una muestra de guardias civiles. Apunt Psicol. 2014;32(3):289-94. https://doi.org/10.55414/mxgrzj44
Adams R, Mosher C, Rand K, Hirsh A, Monahan P, Abonour R, et al. The Cancer Loneliness Scale and Cancer-related Negative Social Expectations Scale: development and validation. Qual Life Res. 2017;26(7):1901-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1518-4
Kara E, Cinar I. Validity and reliability of the Cancer Loneliness and the Cancer-Related Negative Social Expectations Scale. Int J Assess Tools Educ. 2020;7(3):392-403. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.711073
Kuliś D, Bottomley A, Velikova G, Greimel E, Koller M. EORTC Quality of life Group Translation Procedure [internet]. EORTC; 2017. [citado 2025 sept. 10] Disponible en: https://www.eortc.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2018/02/translation_manual_2017.pdf
Spagnoletti B, Bennett L, Keenan C, Shetty S, Manderson L, McPake B, et al. What factors shape quality of life for women affected by gynaecological cancer in South, South East and East Asian countries? A critical review. Reprod Health. 2022;19(1):70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-022-01369-y
Yanguas J, Pinazo-Henandis S, Tarazona-Santabalbina F. La complejidad de la soledad. Acta Biomed. 2018;89(2):302-14. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v89i2.7404
Christiansen J, Lund R, Qualter P, Andersen C, Pedersen S, Lasgaard M. Loneliness, social isolation, and chronic disease outcomes. Ann Behav Med. 2021;55(3):203-15. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaaa044
Polański J, Misiąg W, Chabowski M. Impact of loneliness on functioning in lung cancer patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(23):15793. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315793
Dahill A, Al-Nakishbandi H, Cunningham K, Humphris G, Lowe D, Rogers S. Loneliness and quality of life after head and neck cancer. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;58(8):959-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.04.041
Segrin C, Badger T, Sikorskii A. A dyadic analysis of loneliness and health-related quality of life in Latinas with breast cancer and their informal caregivers. J Psychosoc Oncol. 2019;37(2):213-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2018.1520778
McElfresh J, Skiba M, Segrin C, Badger T, Crane T, Crist J, et al. Interventions for loneliness among adult cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychosoc Oncol. 2021;39(4):509-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2020.1867690
Xu S, Qiu D, Hahne J, Zhao M, Hu M. Psychometric properties of the short-form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) among Chinese adolescents. Medicine. 2018;97(38):e12373. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000012373
Alsubheen S, Oliveira A, Habash R, Goldstein R, Brooks D. Systematic review of psychometric properties and cross-cultural adaptation of the University of California and Los Angeles loneliness scale in adults. Curr Psychol. 2021;12:1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02494-w
Jaafar M, Villiers-Tuthill A, Lim M, Ragunathan D, Morgan K. Validation of the Malay Version of the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Australas J Ageing. 2020;39(1):e9-15. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajag.12672
Neto F. Psychometric analysis of the short-form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6) in older adults. Eur J Ageing. 2014;11(4):313-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-014-0312-1
Wongpakaran N, Wongpakaran T, Pinyopornpanish M, Simcharoen S, Suradom C, Varnado P, et al. Development and validation of a 6-item Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (RULS-6) using Rasch analysis. Br J Health Psychol. 2020;25(2):233-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12404
Lin C-Y, Tsai C-S, Fan C-W, Griffiths M, Chang C-C, Yen C-F, et al. Psychometric evaluation of three versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (full, eight-item, and three-item versions) among sexual minority men in Taiwan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(13):8095. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138095
Lin C-Y, Tsai C-S, Jian C-R, Chao S-R, Wang P-W, Lin H-C, et al. Comparing the psychometric properties among three versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale in individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(14):8443. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148443
Epstein J, Santo R, Guillemin F. A review of guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of questionnaires could not bring out a consensus. J Clin Epidemiol. 2015;68(4):435-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.11.021
Cruchinho P, López-Franco M, Capelas M, Almeida S, Bennett P, da Silva M, et al. Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of measurement instruments: a practical guideline for novice researchers. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024;17:2701-28. https://doi.org/10.2147/jmdh.s419714
Prakash V, Shah S, Hariohm K. Cross-cultural adaptation of patient-reported outcome measures: a solution or a problem? Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2019;62(3):174-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.01.006
Lei F, Lee E. Cross-cultural modification strategies for instruments measuring health beliefs about cancer screening: systematic review. JMIR Cancer. 2021;7(4):e28393. https://doi.org/10.2196/28393
Haraldstad K, Wahl A, Andenæs R, Andersen M, Beisland E, Borge C, et al. A systematic review of quality of life research in medicine and health sciences. Qual Life Res. 2019;28(10):2641-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02214-9
Cómo citar
Descargas
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Colombiana de Cancerología
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Todos los derechos reservados.
| Estadísticas de artículo | |
|---|---|
| Vistas de resúmenes | |
| Vistas de PDF | |
| Descargas de PDF | |
| Vistas de HTML | |
| Otras vistas | |
Datos de los fondos
